Make all characters of a string exact same by minimum variety of increments or decrements of ASCII worths of characters
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Offered a string S of length N, the job is to make all characters of the string the exact same by incrementing/ decrementing the ASCII worth of any character by 1 any variety of times.
Note: All characters need to be altered to a character of the initial string.
Examples:
Input: S=”geeks”
Output: 20
Description:
The minimum variety of operations can be achieved by making all the characters of the string equivalent to ‘g’.
Increment ASCII worth of 2 ‘e’s by 2.
Decrement ASCII worth of ‘k’ by 4,
Decrement ASCII worth of’s’ by 12.
Thus, the variety of operations needed = 2 + 2 + 4 + 12 = 20Input: S=”cake”
Output: 12
Description:
The minimum variety of operations can be achieved by making all the characters of the string equivalent to ‘c’.
Increment ASCII worth of ‘a’ by 2.
Decrement ASCII worth of ‘e’ by 2.
Decrement ASCII worth of ‘k’ by 8.
Thus, variety of operations needed = 2 + 2 + 8 = 12
Ignorant technique: The easiest technique to fix the issue is to pass through the string and for each unique character, determine the overall variety of operations needed to make all characters of the string the like that character. Lastly, print the minimum variety of operations needed for any character.
Time intricacy: O( N 2)
Auxiliary Area: O( 1 )
Effective technique: The above technique can be enhanced by making an observation that the minimum variety of operations can be achieved just if the characters are made equivalent to the mean character in an arranged string.
Follow the actions listed below to fix the issue:
- Sort characters of the string in non-decreasing order.
- Now, to make all characters equivalent with minimum variety of operations, make the characters equivalent to the character at the middle of the arranged string.
- Discover the character at the middle of the arranged string as mid = S[N / 2]
- Initialize a variable, state total_operations, to keep the minimum variety of operations needed to make all characters of the string equivalent.
- Traverse the string and for each character came across, upgrade total_operations by including the outright distinction of present character and mid
- Print total_operations as the minimum variety of operations needed.
Below is the execution of the above technique:
C++
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Time Intricacy: O( N * log( N))
Auxiliary Area: O( 1 )
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